Black capuchin

Black capuchin[1]
Black Capuchin in São Paulo, Brazil.
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Cebidae
Genus: Cebus
Species: C. nigritus
Binomial name
Cebus nigritus
(Goldfuss, 1809)
Combined range of C. n. nigritus and C. n. cucullatus. C. n. robustus is found just northeast of this range (see text).

The black capuchin, Cebus nigritus, also known as the black-horned capuchin,[2] is a capuchin monkey from the Atlantic Forest in south-eastern Brazil and far north-eastern Argentina. Historically, it was included as a subspecies of the Tufted Capuchin.[1]

Subspecies

The black capuchin has three subspecies: Cebus n. nigritus (nominate) and C. n. cucullatus are found in the southern part (the former eastwards, and the latter westwards) of this species' range, and both have a distinctive pair of tufts on the crown, as also suggested by the alternative common name of this species; black-horned capuchin. The last subspecies, the crested or robust tufted capuchin (C. n. robustus) is found in the northern part of this species' range (north of the Doce River), and has a median conical crest on the crown.[3] It is sometimes considered a separate species.[4]

Status

The black capuchin's population number is unknown, but thought to be declining. This is due mostly to habitat loss, hunting, and the pet trade.[5] The two southern subspecies remain relatively widespread and are rated as Near Threatened by the IUCN.[2] The distinctive northern subspecies has a far more restricted distribution and it is considered Endangered.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E., & Reeder, D. M, eds. ed. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 137-138. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=12100277. 
  2. ^ a b c Keirulff, M.C.M., Mendes, S.L. & Rylands, A.B. (2008). Cebus nigritus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 23 November 2008. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of near threatened.
  3. ^ Rylands, A. B., Kierulff, M. C. M., & Mittermeier, R. A. (2005). Notes on the taxonomy and distributions of the tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus, Cebidae) of South America. Lundiana 6 (supp.): 97-110
  4. ^ Silva Jr., J. de S. (2001). Especiação nos macacos-prego e caiararas, gênero Cebus Erxleben, 1777 (Primates, Cebidae). Ph.D. thesis. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  5. ^ Wildlife as Canon sees it. n.a.. National Geographic Magazine, June 2008.
  6. ^ Kierulff, M.C.M., Mendes, S.L. & Rylands, A.B. (2008). "Cebus robustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature. http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/42697. Retrieved 19 May 2010.  Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of near threatened.